Ranging and Localization in Wireless Sensor Network
Liu Gang, Zhou Xingshe, Ma Junyan, Wang Gang
Abstract: A wireless sensor network integrates sensor, MEMS and communication networks. More and more academic researchers and insiders are engaged in developing wireless sensor networks due to their bright future with various applications. In this paper, range-based localization is discussed in detail and our acoustic-based ranging approach is presented, then the algorithm performance and some conclusions are provided.
l 當測距較遠時,如果是在室內(nèi)回音對于測距結果影響很大,即使采用最小值濾波法也不會得到穩(wěn)定的值。為了消除回音的影響,應該將蜂鳴器的發(fā)聲時間間隔取小,兩次發(fā)聲之間的時間間隔取大,從而消除室內(nèi)回音影響,在采用上述方法消除回音的影響之后,在長距離的測量中得到穩(wěn)定而正確的數(shù)據(jù);
l 對于距離的分辨率,可以通過改變Listener計時器觸發(fā)的時間間隔來控制,也就是 call Timer.start2(TIMER_REPEAT,10),將第二個參數(shù)的數(shù)值變小可以提高,但不能變得太小,太小的話會使其負載增大,反而使測量結果不準確。另外由于麥克風不夠靈敏的原因?qū)⑵渲翟O置得太小對測量結果影響不大。實驗表明10厘米的分辨率是一個比較好的取值,而且國外大部分采用聲音測距的誤差也是10厘米,由于硬件本身的因素,誤差無法進一步減小;
l 該方法的定位時間比較長,不如信號強度定位好,適用于節(jié)點間相對位置較為穩(wěn)定或者變化速度不是很快的網(wǎng)絡拓撲結構中的定位。
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